Ahmet Sayar » academic

Grid Computing ve Cloud Computing karşılaştırması

ahmet — Fri, 26 Aug 2011 15:17:48 +0000

Cloud computing, Grid computing’in ihtiyaclar doğrultusunda doğal evriminin bir sonucudur.

Karşılaştırma:

1) Çok basit temel terimler ile

-Grid şöyle söyler: Domainimize ve çalişmalarımıza, daha fazla hesaplama gücü alabilmek için kaynaklarını paylaşarak katıl.

-Cloud şöyle söyler: İhtiyacından bile daha fazla hesaplama gücü sağlayabiliriz. Sadece bize ne istediğini söyle biz sana veririz.

2) Daha teknik terimler ile

-Grid computing bircok dağıtık bilgisayarın bir ptoblemin çözümü için aynı anda uygulamasıdır. Bu problem genelde cok büyük hesaplama gücü gerektiren ve/veya cok büyük veri kümelerine ulaşıp işleyen scientific veya teknik problemdir. Genellikle, kullanıcıların bu servisleri kullanabilmesi için teknoloji altyapısı ile ilgili bilgiye ihtiyaçları vardır.

-Cloud computing ise bilgisayar teknolojilerinin internet tabanlı kullanımıdır. Bu bir dağıtık hesaplama sistemidir. Bu sistem içersinde scalable ve virtual kaynaklar inmternet üzerinden birer sermiş gibi sunulur. Kullanıcıların bu servisleri kullanabilmesi için, cloud teknoloji altyapısı ile ilgili bilgi ve uzmanlığa ihtiyacları yoktur.

Grid Computing vs Cloud Computing

ahmet — Fri, 26 Aug 2011 14:58:43 +0000

Cloud computing is a natural evolution of concepts in Grid computing.

Comparison:

With very basic terms:

Grid says: “Let’s join our domains and efforts by shaing your resurces in order to get more computational power”.

Cloud says: “We can provide you more computational power than what you need. Just tell us what you want and we will give it to you”.

With more technical terms:

-Grid computing (computational grid) is the application of several computers to a single problem at the same time — usually to a scientific or technical problem that requires a great number of computer processing cycles or access to large amounts of data. Users mostly need to have knowledge of technology infrastructure to utilize the Grid services.

-Cloud computing is Internet (“cloud”) based development and use of computer technology (“computing”). It is a style of computing in which dynamically scalable and often virtualised resources are provided as a service over the Internet. Users need not have knowledge of, expertise in, or control over the technology infrastructure “in the cloud” that supports them.

Information Services for Grid/Web Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) Based Geospatial Applications

ahmet — Sun, 08 May 2011 21:31:28 +0000

Geographical Information Systems (GIS) presents data-intensive environment for
acquiring, processing and sharing geo-data among interested parties. In order to serve
geographical information to users in such environment, Service Oriented Architecture
(SOA) principles have gained great importance. In SOA-based systems, Information
Services support the discovery and handling of these geospatial services.
Some options for Information Services in SOA-based GIS systems include a) the Open
GIS Consortium (OGC) Web Registry Service (WRS) and b) the Universal Description,
Discovery, and Integration (UDDI). WRS is an OGC standard to discover/publish service
information of geospatial services. It presents a domain-specific registry capability for
geospatial information. UDDI is domain-independent standardized method for
publishing/discovering information about Web Services. As it is WS-Interoperability
(WS-I) compatible, UDDI has the advantage being interoperable with most existing
Grid/Web Service standards.
This study presents an approach combining domain-specific registry capabilities of WRS
and WS-I compatible UDDI Specifications. We extend UDDI Information Model to
support geospatial services. Our approach supports not only quasi-static, stateless
metadata, but also more extensive metadata requirements of rich interacting systems. The
implementation of our approach is being used to support a GIS workflow system which is
a part of NASA Solid Earth Virtual Observatory (SERVO) Grid project.

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OGC Compatible Geographical Information Systems Web Services

ahmet — Sun, 08 May 2011 21:26:49 +0000

The Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) defines a number of standards, both for data models
and for online services, that has been widely adopted in the Geographical Information System
(GIS) community. This has lead to a number of software development efforts, online data
archives, and application communities. We survey these in the first part of this report. We
furthermore find that the OGC standards are very compatible with Web Services standards,
although they are not technically implemented this way. We therefore, in the second part of
this report, describe our group’s efforts to reimplement OGC standard services as web
services. We focus particularly on the Web Map Service.
We also have built bridging services that allow our Web Service compatible WMS to interact
with non-Web Service versions of WMS. Cascading WMS is the key point in our proposed
solution for the interoperability problems in the GIS WMS services. Since Web Service
oriented WMS has different request response paradigm from non-Web Service versions, we
have extended cascading WMS by adding request handler functionality. This kind of WMS
behaves like both a cascading WMS and a proxy to handle different types of requests to
overcome interoperability problems between different WMS systems.

Implementing GIS Grid Services for the International Solid Earth Research Virtual Observatory

ahmet — Sun, 08 May 2011 21:23:59 +0000

We describe our continuing work on implementing Open GIS Consortium (OGC) compatible Grid
Services for the International Solid Earth Research Virtual Observatory. Our initial efforts focused
on collecting Earthquake and GPS data from various sources, converting them to GML and
enabling query capabilities using pure Web Services approach. We have extended this work by
creating Web Services implementations of OGC-Web Feature Service and OGC-Web Map Service
for serving GML-formatted data. We also describe a Fault Tolerant High Performance Information
System (FTHPIS) to tie these services together.

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Implementing Geographical Information System Grid Services to Support Computational Geophysics in a Service-Oriented Environment

ahmet — Sun, 08 May 2011 21:21:23 +0000

We describe the architecture and implementation of the Solid Earth Research Virtual Observatory (SERVO)’s Complexity Computational Environment. We base our design on a globally scalable
distributed “cyber-infrastructure,” or Grid, built around a Web Services-based approach consistent with the extended Web Service Interoperability (WS-I+) model. In order to investigate problems in earthquake modeling and forecasting, we need to programmatically couple numerical simulation codes and data assimilation and mining tools to online observational data sets, including GPS stations, fault data, and seismic activity catalogs. These observational data sets are now available on-line in internet-accessible forms, and the quantity of this data is expected to grow explosively over the next decade. As part of our efforts in building SERVO, we are extending these online data repository capabilities so that they are not just available directly for human users, but may also
be searched, filtered, and streamed to simulation codes that are also managed by SERVO services.

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Message Exchange For Web Services-Based Mapping Services

ahmet — Sun, 08 May 2011 21:17:39 +0000

The Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) [1] defines a number of standards, both for data models and for online services, that has been widely adopted in the Geographical Information System (GIS) community. This has lead to a number of software development efforts, online data archives, and application communities. The emergence of Web Service technique overcomes the shortcoming of
traditional Distributed Object technique and provides the interoperable capability of cross-platform and cross-language in distributed net environment. GIS services will be implemented more extensively by using Web Service approach. A spatial data infrastructure lets many GIS vendors share data stores and applications in a distributed environment. GIS basically involves the integration of data and services from multiple sources from different vendors. The Web services architecture establishes a standard interconnection rules between services and information clients that nicely support the dynamic integration of data, which is the key to creating a spatial data infrastructure. By introducing Web Services, distributed GIS services from different vendors can be dynamically integrated into the GIS applications using the interoperable standard communication protocols of the Web Services. To be able to benefit from the Web Services in the GIS applications, all the service providers should provide their services as Web Services. General acceptance from the vendors increases the interoperability and enhances the GIS applications. We find that the OGC
standards are very compatible with Web Services standards, although they are not technically implemented this way. To be able to benefit from Web Services technologies we have built a common architecture to convert any OGC GIS services to Web Services and applied this to our current WMS project.

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Developing GIS Visualization Web Services For Geophysical Applications

ahmet — Sun, 08 May 2011 21:13:11 +0000

The Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) defines a number of standards (both for data models and for online services) that have been widely adopted in the Geographical Information System (GIS) community. In this paper we will describe our group’s efforts to implement GIS services according to OGC standard specifications in accordance with the Web Services approach. This paper focuses on the Web Map Service (WMS), which we are coupling to problems in computational geophysics. Through the use of Web Services, we are able to integrate GIS services with other families of services, including information, data management, and remote application execution and management. We also describe WMS client building efforts that are suitable for integration with computational Web portals. To be able to interact with non-Web Service versions of WMS, we have built bridging service for our extended WMS. Since Web Service oriented WMS has a different request/response paradigm from non-Web Service versions, we have extended cascading WMS by adding request handler functionality. This kind of WMS behaves like both a cascading WMS and a proxy to handle different types of requests to overcome interoperability problems between different WMS systems.

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Building Sensor Filter Grids: Information Architecture for the Data Deluge

ahmet — Sun, 08 May 2011 21:08:45 +0000

We discuss a general architectural approach to knowledge and information management and delivery in distributed systems. Our approach is based on the recognition that time-stamped, streaming information message units form the core of seemingly disparate systems that range from online sensors and scientific instruments to Web information retrieval. Globally distributable Grid services manage these information streams. Geographical Information System services provide exemplary realizations of this picture and may be used as a model for other scientific domains. With this unified architecture in place, we may begin to consider the problems of information integration as equivalent to sensor federation.

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Ant based interactive tools for workflow management

ahmet — Sun, 08 May 2011 20:50:12 +0000

The Apache Ant presents certain characteristics that seem to make it suitable as a workflow language and engine. Features such as native dependency structured build targets make it easy to write declarative dependency-based workflows.

We propose a framework enabling Ant build files (and its specifications) to be used as workflow scripts. Features like being semi structured and having standard specification make it easy to create, parse and render the workflow scripts. Sometimes workflow scripts need to be used repeatedly with a little change, framework enables reusable scripts to be created, stored and edited for later use. This allows sharing and dynamic modifications of workflows between multiple participants. The framework is composed of web-based interactive admin and user tools enabling creation and invocation of workflow templates and corresponding scripts.

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